1868 1ST ULYSSES S. GRANT BIO CIVIL WAR BATTLES CAMPAIGNS ILLUSTRATED MAPS

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1868 1ST ULYSSES S. GRANT BIO CIVIL WAR BATTLES CAMPAIGNS ILLUSTRATED MAPS:
$59.99

FROM 1868, this is The Life of General Ulysses S. Grant, by Charles A. Dana, Late Assistant Secretary of War (Under Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War), as published by Gurdon Bill & Co., New York. 8x5 inches, 424 pages. Illustrated with full page prints and maps, and bound in black cloth, gilt titles, beveled edges. With a small 1860s bookplate, private library of George C. Sawyer, Syracuse, New York, who was the New York State agent of the Travellers Insurance Co. Keep in mind that 1868 was the year Grant ran for President for the first time, and this is something of a campaign biography. Possibly authorized, we are not sure.
Ulysses S. Grant, born Hiram Ulysses Grant, (April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was the 18th President of the United States (1869–77). As Commanding General (1864–69), Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War. Supported by Congress, Grant implemented Reconstruction, often at odds with President Andrew Johnson. Twice elected president, Grant led the Republicans in their effort to remove the vestiges of Confederate nationalism and slavery, protect African-American citizenship, and support economic prosperity. His presidency has often been criticized for multiple administration scandals and for his failure to alleviate the economic depression following the Panic of 1873.
Grant graduated in 1843 from West Point and served in the Mexican–American War. After the war, he married Julia Boggs Dent in 1848, their marriage producing four children. Grant retired from the Army in 1854 and struggled financially in civilian life. When the Civil War began in 1861, he rejoined the U.S. Army. In 1862, Grant took control of Kentucky and most of Tennessee, and led Union forces to victory in the Battle of Shiloh, earning a reputation as an aggressive commander. In July 1863, after a series of coordinated battles, Grant defeated Confederate armies and seized Vicksburg, giving the Union control of the Mississippi River and dividing the Confederacy in two. After his victories in the Chattanooga Campaign, Lincoln promoted him to lieutenant general and Commanding General of the Army in March 1864. Grant confronted Robert E. Lee in a series of bloody battles, trapping Lee\'s army in their defense of Richmond. Grant coordinated a series of devastating campaigns in other theaters, as well. In April 1865, Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox, effectively ending the war. Historians have hailed Grant\'s military genius, and his strategies are featured in military history textbooks, but a minority contend that he won by brute force rather than superior strategy.
After the war, Grant led the army\'s supervision of Reconstruction in the former Confederate states. Elected president in 1868, he stabilized the nation during that turbulent period, prosecuted the Ku Klux Klan, using the military and the newly created Department of Justice, bolstering the Republican Party in the South. The Army conducted new elections in the South with universal male suffrage, although many ex-Confederates were unable to vote. Republicans gained majorities in all 11 states, and African Americans were elected to Congress and high state offices. Blacks in the South came under violent attack from whites, while Grant tried to protect them, including signing three civil rights acts into law. In 1871, Grant created the first Civil Service Commission, to appease reformers. The Democrats and Liberal Republicans united behind Grant\'s opponent in the presidential election of 1872, but were unable to defeat his reelection. In his second term, the Republican coalitions in the South splintered and were defeated as a faction of white Southern \"Redeemers\" regained control of Southern state governments using violence, voter fraud, and racist appeal. More than any 19th Century president, Grant faced charges of corruption in his administration, including the Whiskey Ring, which he authorized Treasury Secretary Benjamin Bristow to shut down and prosecute. Grant\'s Peace Policy with Native Americans was a bold departure, but historians agree that, as with Reconstruction, it ended in failure.
In foreign policy, Grant sought to increase trade and influence while remaining at peace with the world. With Secretary of State Hamilton Fish, he successfully resolved the Alabama claims through the Treaty of Washington with Great Britain. Grant and Fish avoided war with Spain over the Virginius Affair, negotiating a peaceful resolution. Congress rejected Grant\'s initiative to annex of the Dominican Republic, creating a rift among Republicans. His administration implemented a gold standard and sought to strengthen the dollar. Grant\'s immediate response to the Panic of 1873 failed to halt a severe industrial depression that produced high unemployment, deflation, and bankruptcies. Grant left office in 1877 and embarked on a two-year world tour that captured favorable global attention for him and his nation.
In 1880, Grant was unsuccessful in obtaining the Republican presidential nomination for a third term. Facing severe investment reversals and dying of throat cancer, he wrote his memoirs, which proved to be a major critical and financial success. His death in 1885 prompted an outpouring in support of national unity. Historical assessments of Grant\'s legacy have varied considerably over the years. His popular reputation focuses on his drinking, which historians agree has been exaggerated and never adversely affected his decisions. Early historical evaluations were very negative about Grant\'s presidency. Scholars continue to rank his presidency below the average, but modern appreciation for his support for civil rights has helped improve his standing.