YORKSHIRE TERRIER COLLECTIBLE POLY RESIN STATUE FIGURINE PET DOG DOGGY

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YORKSHIRE TERRIER COLLECTIBLE POLY RESIN STATUE FIGURINE PET DOG DOGGY:
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FROM WIKIPEDIA:FOR YOUR ENJOYMENTYorkshire TerrierFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia(Redirected fromYorkshire terrier)Yorkshire terrier/yorkieA Yorkshire TerrierNicknamesYorkieCountry of originEngland[hide]TraitsLife span13 to 16 years[show]Classification and standardsDog(Canis lupus familiaris)TheYorkshire Terrieris a smalldog breedofterriertype, developed in the 19th century in the county ofYorkshire,Englandto catch rats in clothing mills. The defining features of the breed are its size, 3 pounds (1.4kg) to 7 pounds (3.2kg), and its silky blue and tan coat. The breed is nicknamedYorkieand is placed in the Toy Terrier section of the Terrier Group by theFédération Cynologique Internationaleand in the Toy Group orCompanion Groupby other kennel clubs, although all agree that the breed is a terrier. A popularcompanion dog, the Yorkshire Terrier has also been part of the development of other breeds, such as theAustralian Silky Terrier.Contents[hide]1Coat1.1Puppy coats1.2Hypoallergenic coats1.3Coat care1.4Other Ben3.2In North breeds and crosses6Notablity6.1Show dogs6.2Small dogs6.3War dogs6.4White House dogs7See also8References9External links[edit]CoatFor adult Yorkshire Terriers, importance is placed on coat colour, quality, and texture.[1]The hair must be glossy, fine, straight, and silky. Traditionally the coat is grown-out long and is parted down the middle of the back, but "must never impede movement."[2]From the back of the neck to the base of the tail, the coat should be a dark gray to a steel-blue, and the hair on the tail should be a darker blue. On the head, high chest, and legs, the hair should be a bright, rich tan, darker at the roots than in the middle, that shades into a lighter tan at the tips. Also, in adult dogs, there should be no dark hairs intermingled with any of the tan coloured fur.A Yorkshire Terrier puppy, 4 weeks old, displaying the characteristic black/steel black and tan coat.Adult Yorkshire Terriers that have other coat colours than the above, or that have woolly or extra fine coats, are still considered to be Yorkshire Terriers, and will be just as good of a companion as a dog with the correct coat. The only difference is that atypical Yorkshire Terriers should not be bred.[3]In addition, care may be more difficult for "woolly" or "cottony" textured coats, or coats that are overly fine.[1]One of the reasons given for not breeding "off-coloured" Yorkies is that the colour could be a potential indicator of a genetic defect that may affect the dog's health, a careful health screening can clarify if any health risks exist or not.[4][edit]Puppy coatsA newborn Yorkie puppy is born black with tan points on the muzzle, above the eyes, around the legs and feet and toes, the inside of the ears, and the underside of the tail. Occasionally Yorkies are born with a white "star" on the chest or on one or more toes. It is also common to find white patch on one or more nails.[5]These markings fade with age, and are usually gone within a few months.A white "star" Yorkie with white patch on pawIt may take up to three years or more for the coat to reach its final color. Most times the final color is a blue/grayish color.[6]P. H. Combs, writing in 1891, complained about show wins awarded to puppies, when the dog's coat does not fully come in until three or four years old, "and the honor of winning such a prize (for a puppy) can therefore be of but little practical benefit to the owner" since the adult dog's color cannot be exactly predicted.[7][edit]Hypoallergenic coatsMain article:Hypoallergenic dog breedThe typical fine, straight, and silky Yorkshire Terriercoathas also been listed by many popular dog information websites as beinghypoallergenic. In comparison with many other breeds, Yorkies do not shed to the same degree, only losing small amounts when bathed or brushed. All dogs shed,[8]and it is the dog's dander and saliva that trigger most allergic reactions.[9]Allergists do recognize that at times a particular allergy patient will be able to tolerate a particular dog, but they agree that "the luck of the few with their pets cannot be stretched to fit all allergic people and entire breeds of dogs."[10]The Yorkshire Terrier coat is said to fall out only when brushed or broken, or just said to not shed.[11]Although neither of those statements agree with what biologists, veterinarians, and allergists know about dog fur, allergists "think there really are differences in protein production between dogs that may help one patient and not another",[10]meaning that some allergic people may not have allergic reactions to a specific dog, like the Yorkie.[edit]Coat careOwners may trim the fur short for easier care. For shows, the coat is left long, and may be trimmed to floor length to give ease of movement and a neater appearance. Hair on the feet and the tips of ears can also be trimmed.[1][2]The traditional long coat is extremely high maintenance. To prevent breakage, the coat may be wrapped in rice paper, tissue paper, or plastic, after a light oiling with a coat oil. The oil has to be washed out once a month and the wraps must be fixed periodically during the week to prevent them from sliding down and breaking the hair. Elaborate coat care dates from the earliest days of the breed. In 1878, John Walsh described similar preparations: the coat is "well greased" with coconut oil, the dog is bathed weekly, and the dog's feet are "carefully kept in stockings."[12]Yorkshire Terrier with two toned coatOne year old male Yorkshire Terrier[edit]Other colorsA two year old silver blue and pale cream Yorkshire TerrierThe Yorkshire Terrier is a tan dog with a blue saddle. Particolors exist, although they are not correct for the breed standard. The particolor coat is white with black/blue and tan. It is very rare to get a particolor, and if one is found, it tends to be very expensive.[13]Some Yorkshire Terriers are liver or chocolate, a brown color; they are unable to produce black pigment.[14]The breed is defined by its color, and such non-standard colors may indicate health problems or cross-breeding with other breeds of other colors.[4]The AKC registration form for Yorkshire Terriers allows for four choices: blue and tan, blue and gold, black and tan, black and gold. Color alone will not affect whether or not a dog is a good companion and pet. Even though off-colored Yorkshire Terriers are advertised at premium prices, being of an unusual or untypical color is neither new, desirable, nor exotic.[13]A three year old Yorkshire Terrier, displaying a black and tan coat.Until recently, mismatched Yorkshire Terriers could be crossed with Biewer terriers, a new breed originated in Germany from party colored Yorkshire Terriers.[15]Although the American Kennel Club will not deny registration of a Yorkshire Terrier on color alone, the Yorkshire Terrier Club of America has a directive that "any solid color or combination of colors other than blue and tan" for adult dogs is a disqualification, and "dogs of solid color, unusual combination of colors, and party-colors should be disqualified."[6][edit]TemperamentThe ideal Yorkshire Terrier character or "personality" is described with a "carriage very upright" and "conveying an important air."[2]Though small, the Yorkshire Terrier is active, loves attention, very overprotective and should not show the soft temperament seen inlap dogs. Yorkshire Terriers, also known as Yorkies, are a little harder to train than some other breeds of dogs. This results from their own nature to work without human assistance. All you really need to do is be patient, as well as persistent, with your Yorkshire Terrier and invest a lot of time into training him or her.Yorkshire terriers tend to bark a lot. This makes them excellent watch dogs because they will sound the alarm when anyone gets near. This barking problem can be resolved with proper training.[edit]HistoryThree year old with characteristic long hairThe Yorkshire Terrier originated inYorkshire(and the adjoiningLancashire), a rugged region in northern England.[16]In the mid-19th century, workers from Scotland came to Yorkshire in search of work and brought with them several different varieties of small terriers. Breeding of the Yorkshire Terrier was "principally accomplished by the people—mostly operatives in cotton and woolen mills—in the counties of Yorkshire and Lancashire."[17]Details are scarce. Mrs. A. Foster is quoted as saying in 1886, "If we consider that the mill operatives who originated the breed...were nearly all ignorant men, unaccustomed to imparting information for public use, we may see some reason why reliable facts have not been easily attained."[18]What is known is that the breed sprang from three different dogs, a male named Old Crab and a female named Kitty, and another female whose name is not known.[19]ThePaisley Terrier, a smaller version of theSkye Terrierthat was bred for a beautiful long silky coat, also figured into the early dogs. Some authorities believed that theMaltesewas used as well.[20]"They were all originally bred from Scotch terriers (note: meaning dogs from Scotland, not today's Scottish Terrier) and shown as such...the name Yorkshire Terrier was given to them on account of their being improved so much in Yorkshire."[18]Yorkshire Terriers were shown in a dog show category (class) at the time called "Rough and Broken-coated, Broken-haired Scotch and Yorkshire Terriers". Hugh Dalziel, writing in 1878, says that "the classification of these dogs at shows and in the Kennel Club Stud Book is confusing and absurd" in lumping together these different types.[21]In the early days of the breed, "almost anything in the shape of a Terrier having a long coat with blue on the body and fawn or silver colored head and legs, with tail docked and ears trimmed, was received and admired as a Yorkshire Terrier".[17]But in the late 1860s, a popular Paisley type Yorkshire Terrier show dog namedHuddersfield Ben, owned by a woman living in Yorkshire, Mary Ann Foster, was seen at dog shows throughout Great Britain, and defined the breed type for the Yorkshire Terrier.[22]Yorkshire Terriers -Mrs. Fosters "Huddersfield Ben" and Lady Giffard's "Katie" c. 1870[edit]Huddersfield BenMain article:Huddersfield BenHuddersfield Ben was a famous dog. His portrait was painted byGeorge Earl[23]and in 1891 an authority on the breed wrote, "Huddersfield Ben was the best stud dog of his breed during his life-time, and one of the most remarkable dogs of any pet breed that ever lived; and most of the show specimens of the present day have one or more crosses of his blood in their pedigree."[24]A show winner, Huddersfield Ben quickly became the type of dog everyone wanted, and through his puppies has defined the breed as we know it today. He is still referred to as "father of the breed."[22][edit]In North AmericaThe Yorkshire Terrier was introduced in North America in 1872[16]and the first Yorkshire Terrier was registered with the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1885.[25]During theVictorian era, the Yorkshire Terrier was a popular pet and show dog in England, and as Americans embraced Victorian customs, so too did they embrace the Yorkshire Terrier.[26]The breed's popularity dipped in the 1940s, when the percentage of small breed dogs registered fell to an all-time low of 18% of total registrations.[27]Smoky, a Yorkshire Terrier and famous war dog from World War II, is credited with beginning a renewal of interest in the breed.[28][edit]HealthA number of health issues, some of them hereditary, have been found in individual Yorkshire Terriers, and are listed below. There is no data on the percentage of dogs with these ailments, and it is not suggested that all Yorkshire Terriers have all of these ailments, or that any particular dog has any of these ailments. Puppy buyers are advised to ask breeders if tests have been done for these diseases.[edit]MorofferityHealth issues often seen in the Yorkshire Terrier shunt,cataracts, andkeratitis sicca. Additionally, injection reactions (inflammation or hair loss at the site of an injection) can occur.[29]In addition they may have skin allergies.[edit]TeethYorkies have two sets of teeth in their life, just like other dogs. The first set of teeth is the 28-piece deciduous or baby teeth. The second set is the 42-piece permanent or adult teeth. Sometimes the number of permanent or adult teeth may vary, which is fine as long as they do not cause bad bite. When Yorkie puppies are born, they have no teeth because milk is the only food they need. The deciduous or baby teeth will grow from the age of 3 to 8 weeks old, in the order of incisors, canine/ fangs and premolars. Yorkie puppies have no molar teeth. Yorkie puppies will start to lose their deciduous or baby teeth when the permanent or adult teeth come in. The permanent or adult grow when the Yorkie puppies are 4 to 8 months old. By 8 months old, those teeth should fully develop. The permanent or adult teeth will grow in the order of incisors, canine/fangs, premolars and molars. Molar teeth will develop at around 6 to 8 months old.[30]Yorkie puppy with his deciduous or baby teeth: incisors, fangs and premolars when he was 12 weeks oldThere is situation where the deciduous or baby teeth do not fall out as the permanent or adult teeth grow. This is caused by the new teeth do not grow right underneath the deciduous or baby teeth to absorb the roots. Retained deciduous or baby teeth can cause tooth decay because food can be easily caught in between the deciduous and permanent teeth. Sometimes the new teeth are forced to grow into an abnormal position and further cause a bad bite. The retained teeth may stay or fall weeks after the new teeth have developed. When necessary, the retained deciduous or baby teeth need to be removed surgically.[31]Yorkie's retained deciduous or baby fangs. Both permanent fangs have not grown right underneath to absorb the roots.Like other small breeds, Yorkies are also prone to severe dental disease. Because they have a small jaw, their teeth can become crowded and may not fall out naturally. This can cause food and plaque to build up, and bacteria can eventually develop on the surface of the teeth, leading to periodontal disease. In addition, the bacteria can spread to other parts of the body and cause heart and kidney problems. The best prevention is regular brushing of the teeth with a toothpaste formulated specifically for dogs. Human toothpaste is not recommended, because it foams easier and may be swallowed. Professional teeth cleaning by a veterinarian may also be required to prevent the development of dental problems.[32][edit]Genetic defectsCertaingenetic disordershave been found in Yorkshire Terriers, of dens,Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome,luxating patella,portosystemic shunt,retinal dysplasia,tracheal collapse, andbladder stones.[33]The following are among the most commoncongenitaldefectsthat affect Yorkies.Distichiae,eyelashesarising from an abnormal spot (usually the duct of themeibomian glandat the edge of the eyelid), are often found in Yorkies.[34]Distichiae can irritate the eye and cause tearing, squinting, inflammation,corneal abrasionsorcorneal ulcers, and scarring. Treatment options may include manual removal,electrolysis, orsurgery.[35]Hypoplasia of densis a non-formation of the pivot point of the secondcervical vertebra, which leads tospinal corddamage.[33]Onset of the condition may occur at any age, producing signs ranging from neck pain to syndrome, which causes the top of thefemur(thigh bone) todegenerate, occurs in Yorkies in certain lines.[36]The condition appears to result from insufficientcirculationto the area around thehip joint. As the blood supply is reduced, the bone in the head of the femur collapses and dies and thecartilagecoating around it becomes cracked and deformed.[36]Usually the disease appears when the Yorkie is young (between five and eight months of age); signs are pain, limping, or lameness.[37]The standard treatment is surgery to remove the affected part of the bone.[37]Following surgery, muscles hold the femur in place and fibrous tissue forms in the area of removal to prevent bone rubbing on bone.[38]Although the affected leg will be slightly shorter than prior to surgery, the Yorkie may regain almost normal use.[37]Luxating patellas(slippingkneecaps) are another common defect considered to be genetic in Yorkies, although it may also be caused by an accidental fall. Weakligamentsandtendonsin thekneeor malformed (too shallow) patellar grooves, allow the patella to slip out of its groove sideways.[39]This causes the leg to 'lock up' with the foot held off the ground.[39]A dog with this problem may experience frequent pain and lameness or may be bothered by it only on occasion. Over time, the patellar ridges can become worn down, making the groove even more shallow and causing the dog to become increasingly lame.[39]Surgery is the main treatment option available for luxating patellas, although it is not necessary for every dog with the condition.Portosystemic shunt, a congenital malformation of theportal vein(which brings blood to theliverfor cleansing), is also common in Yorkies. In this condition some of the dog's blood bypasses the liver and the "dirty" blood goes on to poison the heart, brain, lungs, and otherorganswith toxins. A Yorkie with this condition might exhibit a wide variety of symptoms, such as small stature, poor appetite, weak muscle development, decreased ability to learn, inferior coordination, occasional vomiting and diarrhea,behavioral abnormalities, seizures (especially after a meal), andblindness, which could lead to a coma and death. Often, the shunt can be treated with surgery.Tracheal collapse, caused by a progressive weakening of the walls of thetrachea, occurs in many toy breeds, especially very tiny Yorkies.[40]As a result of genetics, the walls of the trachea can be flaccid, a condition that becomes more severe with age.Cushing's syndrome, a disorder that causes production of excess steroid hormone by the adrenal glands, can also weaken cartilage and lead totracheal collapse.[41]There is a possibility that physical strain on the neck might cause or contribute to trachea collapse. Since this is usually caused by an energetic Yorkie pulling against his collar, many veterinarians recommend use of a harness for leashed walks.[40]An occasional "goose honking" cough, especially on exertion or excitement, is usually the first sign of this condition.[40]Over time, the cough may become almost constant in the Yorkie's later life. Breathing through the obstruction of a collapsed (or partially collapsed) trachea for many years can result in complications, including chronic lung disease. The coughing can be countered withcough suppressantsandbronchodilators.[40]If the collapse is advanced and unresponsive to medication, sometimes surgery can repair the trachea.[40][edit]HypoglycemiaLow blood sugarin puppies, ortransient juvenile hypoglycemia, is caused by fasting (too much time between meals).[42]In rare cases hypoglycemia may continue to be a problem in mature, usually very small, Yorkies. It is often seen in Yorkie puppies at 5 to 16 weeks of age.[42]Very tiny Yorkie puppies are especially predisposed to hypoglycemia because a lack of muscle mass makes it difficult to storeglucoseand regulate blood sugar.[42]Factors such as stress, fatigue, a cold Environment, poor nutrition, and a change in diet or feeding schedule may bring on hypoglycemia.[43]Low blood sugar can also be the result of abacterial infection,parasite, or portosystemic liver shunt.[44]Hypoglycemia causes the puppy to become drowsy, listless (glassy-eyed), shaky, uncoordinated, since thebrainrelies on sugar to function. During a hypoglycemic attack, the puppy usually has very pale or grey gums.[45]The puppy also may not eat unless force-fed.[42]Hypoglycemia and dehydration seem to go hand-in-hand, and force-feeding or injecting fluids may also be necessary. Additionally, a hypoglycemic Yorkie may have a lower thannormal body temperatureand, in extreme cases, may have aseizureor go into acoma.[46]A dog showingsymptomsshould be given sugar in the form of corn syrup or NutriCal and be treated by aveterinarianimmediately, as prolonged or recurring attacks of hypoglycemia can permanently damage the dog's brain.[46]In severe cases it can be fatal.[42][edit]MortalityThelife spanof a healthy Yorkie is 12–17 years. Extremely under-sized Yorkies (3 pounds or less, and often promoted as "Teacups") generally have a shorter life span (3–7 years on average),[47]as they are especially prone to health problems such as chronicdiarrhoeaandvomitingand are more easily injured.[34]Even the normal small size of a Yorkshire Terrier means that it can have a poor tolerance foranesthesia, and it is more likely to be killed or injured by falls, other dogs, and owner clumsiness.[34][edit]DockingMain article:Docking (dog)Traditionally, the Yorkshire Terrier's tail isdockedto a medium length.[47]Opposition to this practice began very early in the history of the breed; Hugh Dalziel, writing about Yorkshire Terriers in 1878, declared that "There is no reason for mutilating pet dogs, and perfect ears and tails should be bred, not clipped into shape with scissors."[21]Often, a Yorkshire Terrier'sdewclaws, if any, are removed in the first few days of life,[1]another controversial practice.[edit]Similar breeds and crossesThe Yorkshire Terrier breed descends from larger but similar Scottish breeds such as the now extinctPaisley Terrierand theSkye Terrier. In its turn, other breeds have been created from the Yorkshire Terrier, such as theAustralian Silky Terrierand the Biewer Terrier, bred from a blue, white, and gold puppy they later named Schneeflocken von Friedheck, by Mr. and Mrs. Biewer of Germany.[48]Demand for unusual pets has resulted in high prices being paid for Yorkshire Terriers crossed with various other breeds, which are described with aportmanteau wordmade up ofsyllables(or sounds) from Yorkshire Terrier and the breed name of the other parent. A list of such portmanteau-namedcrossescan be found on theList of dog hybridspage. It is fashionable to merchandise crossbreed and mixed breed dogs with the wordhybrid, which implies two different animal species, but all Yorkshire Terrier crossbreeds are just dogs.[edit]NotablityA three year old Yorkie[edit]Show dogsIn 1997, Champion Ozmilion Mystification became the first Yorkie to win Best in Show atCrufts, the world's largest annual dog show.[49][50]Champion WA Mozart Dolce Sinfonia ("Mozart") is a show dog owned by socialiteSabrina A. Parisi. He was featured in the Krassimir Abramov music video for "Say Goodbye" and will star in the upcoming documentaryIt's a Dog Lifefrom director Vibeke Muasya.[51]On 11 May 2006, Mozart attended Krassimir's concert at theKodak Theatrein Hollywood, becoming the first dog to enter the venue.[edit]Small dogsSylvia, a matchbox-size Yorkshire Terrier owned by Arthur Marples ofBlackburn, England, was the smallest dog in recorded history. The dog died in 1945 when she was two years old, at which point she stood 2.5inches tall at the shoulder, measured 3.5inches from nose tip to tail, and weighed 4 ounces.[52][53]For 1995 through 2002Guinness World Recordslisted a Yorkshire Terrier named Big Boss, as the smallest dog in the world. Big Boss was listed at 11.94cm (4.7in) tall when his owner, Dr. Chai Khanchanakom ofThailand, registered the toy dog with Guinness.[54]A Yorkie named Thumbelina, 5.5inches tall and 8inches long, held the Guinness World Record for smallest living dog prior to 1995.[55]Tiny Pinocchio, an abnormally small Yorkshire Terrier, has appeared on several television programs includingOprahand theToday Show.[56][57][edit]War dogsSmoky, a war dog and hero of World War II, was owned byWilliam WynneofCleveland,Ohio. Wynne adopted Smoky while he was serving with the 5th Air Force in the Pacific.[58][edit]White House dogsPasha,Tricia Nixon Cox's pet Yorkie, lived in theWhite Houseduring theRichard Nixonpresidency.[59][edit]